Erasure code is a mathematical algorithm to reconstruct missing or corrupted data. Minio uses Reed-Solomon code to shard objects into N/2 data and N/2 parity blocks. This means that in a 12 drive setup, an object is sharded across as 6 data and 6 parity blocks. You can lose as many as 6 drives (be it parity or data) and still reconstruct the data reliably from the remaining drives.
Erasure code is a mathematical algorithm to reconstruct missing or corrupted data. Minio uses Reed-Solomon code to shard objects into N/2 data and N/2 parity blocks. This means that in a 12 drive setup, an object is sharded across as 6 data and 6 parity blocks. You can lose as many as 6 drives (be it parity or data) and still reconstruct the data reliably from the remaining drives.
## Why is Erasure Code useful?
## Why is Erasure Code useful?
Erasure code protects data from multiple drives failure unlike RAID or replication. For eg RAID6 can protect against 2 drive failure whereas in Minio erasure code you can lose as many as half number of drives and still the data remains safe. Further Minio's erasure code is at object level and can heal one object at a time. For RAID, healing can only be performed at volume level which translates into huge down time. As Minio encodes each object individually with a high parity count. Storage servers once deployed should not require drive replacement or healing for the lifetime of the server. Minio's erasure coded backend is designed for operational efficiency and takes full advantage of hardware acceleration whenever available.
Erasure code protects data from multiple drives failure unlike RAID or replication. For eg RAID6 can protect against 2 drive failure whereas in Minio erasure code you can lose as many as half number of drives and still the data remains safe. Further Minio's erasure code is at object level and can heal one object at a time. For RAID, healing can only be performed at volume level which translates into huge down time. As Minio encodes each object individually with a high parity count. Storage servers once deployed should not require drive replacement or healing for the lifetime of the server. Minio's erasure coded backend is designed for operational efficiency and takes full advantage of hardware acceleration whenever available.
Bit Rot also known as Data Rot or Silent Data Corruption is a serious data loss issue faced by disk drives today. Data on the drive may silently get corrupted without signalling an error has occurred. This makes Bit Rot more dangerous than permanent hard drive failure.
Bit Rot also known as Data Rot or Silent Data Corruption is a serious data loss issue faced by disk drives today. Data on the drive may silently get corrupted without signalling an error has occurred. This makes Bit Rot more dangerous than permanent hard drive failure.
Minio's erasure coded backend uses high speed [BLAKE2](https://blog.minio.io/accelerating-blake2b-by-4x-using-simd-in-go-assembly-33ef16c8a56b#.jrp1fdwer) hash based checksums to protect against Bit Rot.
Minio's erasure coded backend uses high speed [BLAKE2](https://blog.minio.io/accelerating-blake2b-by-4x-using-simd-in-go-assembly-33ef16c8a56b#.jrp1fdwer) hash based checksums to protect against Bit Rot.
## Deployment Scenarios
## Deployment Scenarios
Minio server runs on a variety of hardware, operating systems and virtual/container environments.
Minio server runs on a variety of hardware, operating systems and virtual/container environments.
Minio erasure code backend is limited by design to a minimum of 4 drives and a maximum of 16 drives. The hard limit of 16 drives comes from operational experience. Failure domain becomes too large beyond 16 drives. If you need to scale beyond 16 drives, you may run multiple instances of Minio server on different ports.
Minio erasure code backend is limited by design to a minimum of 4 drives and a maximum of 16 drives. The hard limit of 16 drives comes from operational experience. Failure domain becomes too large beyond 16 drives. If you need to scale beyond 16 drives, you may run multiple instances of Minio server on different ports.
#### Reference Physical Hardware:
#### Reference Physical Hardware:
* [SMC 5018A-AR12L (Intel Atom)](http://www.supermicro.com/products/system/1U/5018/SSG-5018A-AR12L.cfm?parts=SHOW) - SMC 1U SoC Atom C2750 platform with 12x 3.5” drive bays
* [SMC 5018A-AR12L (Intel Atom)](http://www.supermicro.com/products/system/1U/5018/SSG-5018A-AR12L.cfm?parts=SHOW) - SMC 1U SoC Atom C2750 platform with 12x 3.5” drive bays
Nitish Tiwari
8 years ago
committed by
