add vulnerability report policy (#11084)

VULNERABILITY_REPORT.md

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+## Vulnerability Management Policy
+
+This document formally describes the process of addressing and managing a
+reported vulnerability that has been found in the MinIO server code base,
+any directly connected ecosystem component or a direct / indirect dependency
+of the code base.
+
+### Scope
+
+The vulnerability management policy described in this document covers the
+process of investigating, assessing and resolving a vulnerability report
+opened by a MinIO employee or an external third party.
+
+Therefore, it lists pre-conditions and actions that should be performed to
+resolve and fix a reported vulnerability.
+
+### Vulnerability Management Process
+
+The vulnerability management process requires that the vulnerability report
+contains the following information:
+
+ - The project / component that contains the reported vulnerability.
+ - A description of the vulnerability. In particular, the type of the
+   reported vulnerability and how it might be exploited. Alternatively,
+   a well-established vulnerability identifier, e.g. CVE number, can be
+   used instead.
+
+Based on the description mentioned above, a MinIO engineer or security team
+member investigates:
+
+ - Whether the reported vulnerability exists.
+ - The conditions that are required such that the vulnerability can be exploited.
+ - The steps required to fix the vulnerability.
+
+In general, if the vulnerability exists in one of the MinIO code bases
+itself - not in a code dependency - then MinIO will, if possible, fix
+the vulnerability or implement reasonable countermeasures such that the
+vulnerability cannot be exploited anymore.
+