MinIO is a High Performance Object Storage released under Apache License v2.0. It is API compatible with Amazon S3 cloud storage service. Use MinIO to build high performance infrastructure for machine learning, analytics and application data workloads.
This README provides quickstart instructions on running MinIO on baremetal hardware, including Docker-based installations. For Kubernetes environments,
use the [MinIO Kubernetes Operator](https://github.com/minio/operator/blob/master/).
- [Test Connectivity to MinIO](#test-minio-connectivity)
- [Upgrade MinIO](#upgrading-minio)
- [Explore Further](#explore-further)
- [Contribute to MinIO](#contribute-to-minio-project)
- [License](#license)
# Docker Installation
Use the following commands to run a standalone MinIO server on a Docker container.
Standalone MinIO servers are best suited for early development and evaluation. Certain features such as versioning, object locking, and bucket replication
require distributed deploying MinIO with Erasure Coding. For extended development and production, deploy MinIO with Erasure Coding enabled - specifically,
with a *minimum* of 4 drives per MinIO server. See [MinIO Erasure Code Quickstart Guide](https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-erasure-code-quickstart-guide.html)
for more complete documentation.
## Stable
Run the following command to run the latest stable image of MinIO on a Docker container using an ephemeral data volume:
```sh
docker run -p 9000:9000 minio/minio server /data
```
### Edge
The MinIO deployment starts using default root credentials `minioadmin:minioadmin`. You can test the deployment using the MinIO Browser, an embedded
web-based object browser built into MinIO Server. Point a web browser running on the host machine to http://127.0.0.1:9000 and log in with the
root credentials. You can use the Browser to create buckets, upload objects, and browse the contents of the MinIO server.
You can also connect using any S3-compatible tool, such as the MinIO Client `mc` commandline tool. See
[Test using MinIO Client `mc`](#test-using-minio-client-mc) for more information on using the `mc` commandline tool. For application developers,
see https://docs.min.io/docs/ and click **MINIO SDKS** in the navigation to view MinIO SDKs for supported languages.
> NOTE: To deploy MinIO on Docker with persistent storage, you must map local persistent directories from the host OS to the container using the
`docker -v` option. For example, `-v /mnt/data:/data` maps the host OS drive at `/mnt/data` to `/data` on the Docker container.
## Edge
Run the following command to run the bleeding-edge image of MinIO on a Docker container using an ephemeral data volume:
docker run -p 9000:9000 minio/minio:edge server /data
```
> NOTE: Docker will not display the default keys unless you start the container with the `-it`(interactive TTY) argument. Generally, it is not recommended to use default keys with containers. Please visit MinIO Docker quickstart guide for more information [here](https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-docker-quickstart-guide)
The MinIO deployment starts using default root credentials `minioadmin:minioadmin`. You can test the deployment using the MinIO Browser, an embedded
web-based object browser built into MinIO Server. Point a web browser running on the host machine to http://127.0.0.1:9000 and log in with the
root credentials. You can use the Browser to create buckets, upload objects, and browse the contents of the MinIO server.
You can also connect using any S3-compatible tool, such as the MinIO Client `mc` commandline tool. See
[Test using MinIO Client `mc`](#test-using-minio-client-mc) for more information on using the `mc` commandline tool. For application developers,
see https://docs.min.io/docs/ and click **MINIO SDKS** in the navigation to view MinIO SDKs for supported languages.
> NOTE: To deploy MinIO on Docker with persistent storage, you must map local persistent directories from the host OS to the container using the
`docker -v` option. For example, `-v /mnt/data:/data` maps the host OS drive at `/mnt/data` to `/data` on the Docker container.
# macOS
Use the following commands to run a standalone MinIO server on macOS.
Standalone MinIO servers are best suited for early development and evaluation. Certain features such as versioning, object locking, and bucket replication
require distributed deploying MinIO with Erasure Coding. For extended development and production, deploy MinIO with Erasure Coding enabled - specifically,
with a *minimum* of 4 drives per MinIO server. See [MinIO Erasure Code Quickstart Guide](https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-erasure-code-quickstart-guide.html)
for more complete documentation.
## Homebrew (recommended)
Run the following command to install the latest stable MinIO package using [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/). Replace ``/data`` with the path to the drive or directory in which you want MinIO to store data.
## macOS
### Homebrew (recommended)
Install minio packages using [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/)
```sh
brew install minio/stable/minio
minio server /data
```
> NOTE: If you previously installed minio using `brew install minio` then it is recommended that you reinstall minio from `minio/stable/minio` official repo instead.
```sh
brew uninstall minio
brew install minio/stable/minio
```
### Binary Download
| Platform | Architecture | URL |
| ---------- | -------- | ------ |
| Apple macOS | 64-bit Intel | https://dl.min.io/server/minio/release/darwin-amd64/minio |
The MinIO deployment starts using default root credentials `minioadmin:minioadmin`. You can test the deployment using the MinIO Browser, an embedded
web-based object browser built into MinIO Server. Point a web browser running on the host machine to http://127.0.0.1:9000 and log in with the
root credentials. You can use the Browser to create buckets, upload objects, and browse the contents of the MinIO server.
You can also connect using any S3-compatible tool, such as the MinIO Client `mc` commandline tool. See
[Test using MinIO Client `mc`](#test-using-minio-client-mc) for more information on using the `mc` commandline tool. For application developers,
see https://docs.min.io/docs/ and click **MINIO SDKS** in the navigation to view MinIO SDKs for supported languages.
## Binary Download
Use the following command to download and run a standalone MinIO server on macOS. Replace ``/data`` with the path to the drive or directory in which you want MinIO to store data.
The MinIO deployment starts using default root credentials `minioadmin:minioadmin`. You can test the deployment using the MinIO Browser, an embedded
web-based object browser built into MinIO Server. Point a web browser running on the host machine to http://127.0.0.1:9000 and log in with the
root credentials. You can use the Browser to create buckets, upload objects, and browse the contents of the MinIO server.
You can also connect using any S3-compatible tool, such as the MinIO Client `mc` commandline tool. See
[Test using MinIO Client `mc`](#test-using-minio-client-mc) for more information on using the `mc` commandline tool. For application developers,
see https://docs.min.io/docs/ and click **MINIO SDKS** in the navigation to view MinIO SDKs for supported languages.
# GNU/Linux
Use the following command to run a standalone MinIO server on Linux hosts running 64-bit Intel/AMD architectures. Replace ``/data`` with the path to the drive or directory in which you want MinIO to store data.
| 64-bit ARM | https://dl.min.io/server/minio/release/linux-arm64/minio |
| 64-bit PowerPC LE (ppc64le) | https://dl.min.io/server/minio/release/linux-ppc64le/minio |
| IBM Z-Series (S390X) | https://dl.min.io/server/minio/release/linux-s390x/minio |
The MinIO deployment starts using default root credentials `minioadmin:minioadmin`. You can test the deployment using the MinIO Browser, an embedded
web-based object browser built into MinIO Server. Point a web browser running on the host machine to http://127.0.0.1:9000 and log in with the
root credentials. You can use the Browser to create buckets, upload objects, and browse the contents of the MinIO server.
You can also connect using any S3-compatible tool, such as the MinIO Client `mc` commandline tool. See
[Test using MinIO Client `mc`](#test-using-minio-client-mc) for more information on using the `mc` commandline tool. For application developers,
see https://docs.min.io/docs/ and click **MINIO SDKS** in the navigation to view MinIO SDKs for supported languages.
> NOTE: Standalone MinIO servers are best suited for early development and evaluation. Certain features such as versioning, object locking, and bucket replication
require distributed deploying MinIO with Erasure Coding. For extended development and production, deploy MinIO with Erasure Coding enabled - specifically,
with a *minimum* of 4 drives per MinIO server. See [MinIO Erasure Code Quickstart Guide](https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-erasure-code-quickstart-guide.html)
for more complete documentation.
# Microsoft Windows
To run MinIO on 64-bit Windows hosts, download the MinIO executable from the following URL:
| Microsoft Windows | 64-bit | https://dl.min.io/server/minio/release/windows-amd64/minio.exe |
Use the following command to run a standalone MinIO server on the Windows host. Replace ``D:\`` with the path to the drive or directory in which you want MinIO to store data. You must change the terminal or powershell directory to the location of the ``minio.exe`` executable, *or* add the path to that directory to the system ``$PATH``:
```sh
minio.exe server D:\Photos
minio.exe server D:\
```
## FreeBSD
### Port
Install minio packages using [pkg](https://github.com/freebsd/pkg), MinIO doesn't officially build FreeBSD binaries but is maintained by FreeBSD upstream [here](https://www.freshports.org/www/minio).
The MinIO deployment starts using default root credentials `minioadmin:minioadmin`. You can test the deployment using the MinIO Browser, an embedded
web-based object browser built into MinIO Server. Point a web browser running on the host machine to http://127.0.0.1:9000 and log in with the
root credentials. You can use the Browser to create buckets, upload objects, and browse the contents of the MinIO server.
You can also connect using any S3-compatible tool, such as the MinIO Client `mc` commandline tool. See
[Test using MinIO Client `mc`](#test-using-minio-client-mc) for more information on using the `mc` commandline tool. For application developers,
see https://docs.min.io/docs/ and click **MINIO SDKS** in the navigation to view MinIO SDKs for supported languages.
> NOTE: Standalone MinIO servers are best suited for early development and evaluation. Certain features such as versioning, object locking, and bucket replication
require distributed deploying MinIO with Erasure Coding. For extended development and production, deploy MinIO with Erasure Coding enabled - specifically,
with a *minimum* of 4 drives per MinIO server. See [MinIO Erasure Code Quickstart Guide](https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-erasure-code-quickstart-guide.html)
for more complete documentation.
# FreeBSD
MinIO does not provide an official FreeBSD binary. However, FreeBSD maintains an [upstream release](https://www.freshports.org/www/minio) using [pkg](https://github.com/freebsd/pkg):
Source installation is only intended for developers and advanced users. If you do not have a working Golang environment, please follow [How to install Golang](https://golang.org/doc/install). Minimum version required is [go1.15](https://golang.org/dl/#stable)
# Install from Source
Use the following commands to compile and run a standalone MinIO server from source. Source installation is only intended for developers and advanced users. If you do not have a working Golang environment, please follow [How to install Golang](https://golang.org/doc/install). Minimum version required is [go1.15](https://golang.org/dl/#stable)
```sh
GO111MODULE=on go get github.com/minio/minio
```
The MinIO deployment starts using default root credentials `minioadmin:minioadmin`. You can test the deployment using the MinIO Browser, an embedded
web-based object browser built into MinIO Server. Point a web browser running on the host machine to http://127.0.0.1:9000 and log in with the
root credentials. You can use the Browser to create buckets, upload objects, and browse the contents of the MinIO server.
You can also connect using any S3-compatible tool, such as the MinIO Client `mc` commandline tool. See
[Test using MinIO Client `mc`](#test-using-minio-client-mc) for more information on using the `mc` commandline tool. For application developers,
see https://docs.min.io/docs/ and click **MINIO SDKS** in the navigation to view MinIO SDKs for supported languages.
> NOTE: Standalone MinIO servers are best suited for early development and evaluation. Certain features such as versioning, object locking, and bucket replication
require distributed deploying MinIO with Erasure Coding. For extended development and production, deploy MinIO with Erasure Coding enabled - specifically,
with a *minimum* of 4 drives per MinIO server. See [MinIO Erasure Code Quickstart Guide](https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-erasure-code-quickstart-guide.html)
for more complete documentation.
MinIO strongly recommends *against* using compiled-from-source MinIO servers for production environments.
# Deployment Recommendations
## Allow port access for Firewalls
By default MinIO uses the port 9000 to listen for incoming connections. If your platform blocks the port by default, you may need to enable access to the port.
When deployed on a single drive, MinIO server lets clients access any pre-existing data in the data directory. For example, if MinIO is started with the command `minio server /mnt/data`, any pre-existing data in the `/mnt/data` directory would be accessible to the clients.
The above statement is also valid for all gateway backends.
# Test MinIO Connectivity
## Test using MinIO Browser
MinIO Server comes with an embedded web based object browser. Point your web browser to http://127.0.0.1:9000 to ensure your server has started successfully.
@ -157,12 +293,7 @@ MinIO Server comes with an embedded web based object browser. Point your web bro
## Test using MinIO Client `mc`
`mc` provides a modern alternative to UNIX commands like ls, cat, cp, mirror, diff etc. It supports filesystems and Amazon S3 compatible cloud storage services. Follow the MinIO Client [Quickstart Guide](https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-client-quickstart-guide) for further instructions.
## Pre-existing data
When deployed on a single drive, MinIO server lets clients access any pre-existing data in the data directory. For example, if MinIO is started with the command `minio server /mnt/data`, any pre-existing data in the `/mnt/data` directory would be accessible to the clients.
The above statement is also valid for all gateway backends.
## Upgrading MinIO
# Upgrading MinIO
MinIO server supports rolling upgrades, i.e. you can update one MinIO instance at a time in a distributed cluster. This allows upgrades with no downtime. Upgrades can be done manually by replacing the binary with the latest release and restarting all servers in a rolling fashion. However, we recommend all our users to use [`mc admin update`](https://docs.min.io/docs/minio-admin-complete-guide.html#update) from the client. This will update all the nodes in the cluster simultaneously and restart them, as shown in the following command from the MinIO client (mc):
> NOTE: some releases might not allow rolling upgrades, this is always called out in the release notes and it is generally advised to read release notes before upgrading. In such a situation `mc admin update` is the recommended upgrading mechanism to upgrade all servers at once.
### Important things to remember during MinIO upgrades
## Important things to remember during MinIO upgrades
- `mc admin update` will only work if the user running MinIO has write access to the parent directory where the binary is located, for example if the current binary is at `/usr/local/bin/minio`, you would need write access to `/usr/local/bin`.
- `mc admin update` updates and restarts all servers simultaneously, applications would retry and continue their respective operations upon upgrade.
- If using Vault as KMS with MinIO, ensure you have followed the Vault upgrade procedure outlined here: https://www.vaultproject.io/docs/upgrading/index.html
- If using etcd with MinIO for the federation, ensure you have followed the etcd upgrade procedure outlined here: https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/blob/master/Documentation/upgrades/upgrading-etcd.md
Ravind Kumar
4 years ago
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