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minio/pkg/dsync/drwmutex.go

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/*
* Minio Cloud Storage, (C) 2016 Minio, Inc.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package dsync
import (
"context"
"errors"
"math/rand"
"os"
"sync"
"time"
"github.com/minio/minio/pkg/console"
"github.com/minio/minio/pkg/retry"
)
// Indicator if logging is enabled.
var dsyncLog bool
func init() {
// Check for MINIO_DSYNC_TRACE env variable, if set logging will be enabled for failed REST operations.
dsyncLog = os.Getenv("MINIO_DSYNC_TRACE") == "1"
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
}
func log(format string, data ...interface{}) {
if dsyncLog {
console.Printf(format, data...)
}
}
// DRWMutexAcquireTimeout - tolerance limit to wait for lock acquisition before.
const DRWMutexAcquireTimeout = 1 * time.Second // 1 second.
const drwMutexInfinite = time.Duration(1<<63 - 1)
// A DRWMutex is a distributed mutual exclusion lock.
type DRWMutex struct {
Names []string
writeLocks []string // Array of nodes that granted a write lock
readersLocks [][]string // Array of array of nodes that granted reader locks
m sync.Mutex // Mutex to prevent multiple simultaneous locks from this node
clnt *Dsync
}
// Granted - represents a structure of a granted lock.
type Granted struct {
index int
lockUID string // Locked if set with UID string, unlocked if empty
}
func (g *Granted) isLocked() bool {
return isLocked(g.lockUID)
}
func isLocked(uid string) bool {
return len(uid) > 0
}
// NewDRWMutex - initializes a new dsync RW mutex.
func NewDRWMutex(clnt *Dsync, names ...string) *DRWMutex {
return &DRWMutex{
writeLocks: make([]string, len(clnt.GetLockersFn())),
Names: names,
clnt: clnt,
}
}
// Lock holds a write lock on dm.
//
// If the lock is already in use, the calling go routine
// blocks until the mutex is available.
func (dm *DRWMutex) Lock(id, source string) {
isReadLock := false
dm.lockBlocking(context.Background(), id, source, isReadLock, Options{
Timeout: drwMutexInfinite,
})
}
// Options lock options.
type Options struct {
Timeout time.Duration
Tolerance int
}
// GetLock tries to get a write lock on dm before the timeout elapses.
//
// If the lock is already in use, the calling go routine
// blocks until either the mutex becomes available and return success or
// more time has passed than the timeout value and return false.
func (dm *DRWMutex) GetLock(ctx context.Context, id, source string, opts Options) (locked bool) {
isReadLock := false
return dm.lockBlocking(ctx, id, source, isReadLock, opts)
}
// RLock holds a read lock on dm.
//
// If one or more read locks are already in use, it will grant another lock.
// Otherwise the calling go routine blocks until the mutex is available.
func (dm *DRWMutex) RLock(id, source string) {
isReadLock := true
dm.lockBlocking(context.Background(), id, source, isReadLock, Options{
Timeout: drwMutexInfinite,
})
}
// GetRLock tries to get a read lock on dm before the timeout elapses.
//
// If one or more read locks are already in use, it will grant another lock.
// Otherwise the calling go routine blocks until either the mutex becomes
// available and return success or more time has passed than the timeout
// value and return false.
func (dm *DRWMutex) GetRLock(ctx context.Context, id, source string, opts Options) (locked bool) {
isReadLock := true
return dm.lockBlocking(ctx, id, source, isReadLock, opts)
}
// lockBlocking will try to acquire either a read or a write lock
//
// The function will loop using a built-in timing randomized back-off
// algorithm until either the lock is acquired successfully or more
// time has elapsed than the timeout value.
func (dm *DRWMutex) lockBlocking(ctx context.Context, id, source string, isReadLock bool, opts Options) (locked bool) {
restClnts := dm.clnt.GetLockersFn()
retryCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, opts.Timeout)
defer cancel()
// Use incremental back-off algorithm for repeated attempts to acquire the lock
for range retry.NewTimer(retryCtx) {
// Create temp array on stack.
locks := make([]string, len(restClnts))
// Try to acquire the lock.
locked = lock(retryCtx, dm.clnt, &locks, id, source, isReadLock, opts.Tolerance, dm.Names...)
if !locked {
continue
}
dm.m.Lock()
// If success, copy array to object
if isReadLock {
// Append new array of strings at the end
dm.readersLocks = append(dm.readersLocks, make([]string, len(restClnts)))
// and copy stack array into last spot
copy(dm.readersLocks[len(dm.readersLocks)-1], locks[:])
} else {
copy(dm.writeLocks, locks[:])
}
dm.m.Unlock()
return locked
}
// Failed to acquire the lock on this attempt, incrementally wait
// for a longer back-off time and try again afterwards.
return locked
}
// lock tries to acquire the distributed lock, returning true or false.
func lock(ctx context.Context, ds *Dsync, locks *[]string, id, source string, isReadLock bool, tolerance int, lockNames ...string) bool {
restClnts := ds.GetLockersFn()
// Tolerance is not set, defaults to half of the locker clients.
if tolerance == 0 {
tolerance = len(restClnts) / 2
}
// Quorum is effectively = total clients subtracted with tolerance limit
quorum := len(restClnts) - tolerance
if !isReadLock {
// In situations for write locks, as a special case
// to avoid split brains we make sure to acquire
// quorum + 1 when tolerance is exactly half of the
// total locker clients.
if quorum == tolerance {
quorum++
}
}
tolerance = len(restClnts) - quorum
// Create buffered channel of size equal to total number of nodes.
ch := make(chan Granted, len(restClnts))
defer close(ch)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
for index, c := range restClnts {
wg.Add(1)
// broadcast lock request to all nodes
go func(index int, isReadLock bool, c NetLocker) {
defer wg.Done()
g := Granted{index: index}
if c == nil {
log("dsync: nil locker")
ch <- g
return
}
args := LockArgs{
UID: id,
Resources: lockNames,
Source: source,
}
var locked bool
var err error
if isReadLock {
if locked, err = c.RLock(ctx, args); err != nil {
log("dsync: Unable to call RLock failed with %s for %#v at %s\n", err, args, c)
}
} else {
if locked, err = c.Lock(ctx, args); err != nil {
log("dsync: Unable to call Lock failed with %s for %#v at %s\n", err, args, c)
}
}
if locked {
g.lockUID = args.UID
}
ch <- g
}(index, isReadLock, c)
}
quorumMet := false
wg.Add(1)
go func(isReadLock bool) {
// Wait until we have either
//
// a) received all lock responses
// b) received too many 'non-'locks for quorum to be still possible
// c) timedout
//
i, locksFailed := 0, 0
done := false
timeout := time.After(DRWMutexAcquireTimeout)
for ; i < len(restClnts); i++ { // Loop until we acquired all locks
select {
case grant := <-ch:
if grant.isLocked() {
// Mark that this node has acquired the lock
(*locks)[grant.index] = grant.lockUID
} else {
locksFailed++
if locksFailed > tolerance {
// We know that we are not going to get the lock anymore,
// so exit out and release any locks that did get acquired
done = true
// Increment the number of grants received from the buffered channel.
i++
releaseAll(ds, locks, isReadLock, restClnts, lockNames...)
}
}
case <-timeout:
done = true
// timeout happened, maybe one of the nodes is slow, count
// number of locks to check whether we have quorum or not
if !checkQuorumMet(locks, quorum) {
log("Quorum not met after timeout\n")
releaseAll(ds, locks, isReadLock, restClnts, lockNames...)
} else {
log("Quorum met after timeout\n")
}
}
if done {
break
}
}
// Count locks in order to determine whether we have quorum or not
quorumMet = checkQuorumMet(locks, quorum)
// Signal that we have the quorum
wg.Done()
// Wait for the other responses and immediately release the locks
// (do not add them to the locks array because the DRWMutex could
// already has been unlocked again by the original calling thread)
for ; i < len(restClnts); i++ {
grantToBeReleased := <-ch
if grantToBeReleased.isLocked() {
// release lock
sendRelease(ds, restClnts[grantToBeReleased.index],
grantToBeReleased.lockUID, isReadLock, lockNames...)
}
}
}(isReadLock)
wg.Wait()
return quorumMet
}
// checkQuorumMet determines whether we have acquired the required quorum of underlying locks or not
func checkQuorumMet(locks *[]string, quorum int) bool {
count := 0
for _, uid := range *locks {
if isLocked(uid) {
count++
}
}
return count >= quorum
}
// releaseAll releases all locks that are marked as locked
func releaseAll(ds *Dsync, locks *[]string, isReadLock bool, restClnts []NetLocker, lockNames ...string) {
for lock := range restClnts {
if isLocked((*locks)[lock]) {
sendRelease(ds, restClnts[lock], (*locks)[lock], isReadLock, lockNames...)
(*locks)[lock] = ""
}
}
}
// Unlock unlocks the write lock.
//
// It is a run-time error if dm is not locked on entry to Unlock.
func (dm *DRWMutex) Unlock() {
restClnts := dm.clnt.GetLockersFn()
// create temp array on stack
locks := make([]string, len(restClnts))
{
dm.m.Lock()
defer dm.m.Unlock()
// Check if minimally a single bool is set in the writeLocks array
lockFound := false
for _, uid := range dm.writeLocks {
if isLocked(uid) {
lockFound = true
break
}
}
if !lockFound {
panic("Trying to Unlock() while no Lock() is active")
}
// Copy write locks to stack array
copy(locks, dm.writeLocks[:])
// Clear write locks array
dm.writeLocks = make([]string, len(restClnts))
}
isReadLock := false
unlock(dm.clnt, locks, isReadLock, restClnts, dm.Names...)
}
// RUnlock releases a read lock held on dm.
//
// It is a run-time error if dm is not locked on entry to RUnlock.
func (dm *DRWMutex) RUnlock() {
// create temp array on stack
restClnts := dm.clnt.GetLockersFn()
locks := make([]string, len(restClnts))
{
dm.m.Lock()
defer dm.m.Unlock()
if len(dm.readersLocks) == 0 {
panic("Trying to RUnlock() while no RLock() is active")
}
// Copy out first element to release it first (FIFO)
copy(locks, dm.readersLocks[0][:])
// Drop first element from array
dm.readersLocks = dm.readersLocks[1:]
}
isReadLock := true
unlock(dm.clnt, locks, isReadLock, restClnts, dm.Names...)
}
func unlock(ds *Dsync, locks []string, isReadLock bool, restClnts []NetLocker, names ...string) {
// We don't need to synchronously wait until we have released all the locks (or the quorum)
// (a subsequent lock will retry automatically in case it would fail to get quorum)
for index, c := range restClnts {
if isLocked(locks[index]) {
// broadcast lock release to all nodes that granted the lock
sendRelease(ds, c, locks[index], isReadLock, names...)
}
}
}
// sendRelease sends a release message to a node that previously granted a lock
func sendRelease(ds *Dsync, c NetLocker, uid string, isReadLock bool, names ...string) {
if c == nil {
log("Unable to call RUnlock failed with %s\n", errors.New("netLocker is offline"))
return
}
args := LockArgs{
UID: uid,
Resources: names,
}
if isReadLock {
if _, err := c.RUnlock(args); err != nil {
log("dsync: Unable to call RUnlock failed with %s for %#v at %s\n", err, args, c)
}
} else {
if _, err := c.Unlock(args); err != nil {
log("dsync: Unable to call Unlock failed with %s for %#v at %s\n", err, args, c)
}
}
}